Skin Infections Archives - Denver Dermatologist

Lice Infestation (Pediculosis)

What is Lice Infestation?

Lice infestation is a condition where tiny insects called lice live on the skin, hair, or clothing of a person and feed on their blood. Lice can cause itching, irritation, and sometimes infections. Lice can be spread by close contact with an infested person or by sharing personal items such as hats, combs, or towels. There are different types of lice that affect different parts of the body, such as head lice, body lice, and pubic lice.

What are the signs and symptoms of Lice Infestation?

Some of the signs and symptoms of lice infestation are:

Intense itching on the scalp, body or in the genital area. This is an allergic reaction to louse bites.
A tickling feeling from movement of hair. This is caused by the lice crawling on the skin or hair.
The presence of lice on the scalp, body, clothing, or pubic or other body hair. Adult lice may be about the size of a sesame seed or slightly larger. They are tan or grayish in color and avoid light.
Lice eggs (nits) on hair shafts. Nits are tiny, oval-shaped eggs that stick to hair shafts near the scalp. They may be white, yellow, or brown in color and may look like dandruff, but they cannot be easily brushed out of hair.
Sores on the scalp, neck and shoulders. Scratching can lead to small red bumps that may sometimes get infected with bacteria.
Bite marks, especially around the waist, groin, upper thighs and pubic area. These are caused by the lice feeding on blood from the skin.

What treatments are available at the dermatologist for Lice Infestation?

Some of the treatments that are available at the dermatologist for lice infestation are:

Prescription shampoos or lotions that contain different ingredients than the over-the-counter products. These may include malathion, benzyl alcohol, or spinosad. These products are applied to the hair and scalp and left for a certain amount of time before rinsing. They may be more effective against lice that are resistant to other treatments.
Oral prescription drug such as ivermectin. This is a tablet that is taken by mouth and kills lice by affecting their nervous system. It is usually given in two doses, eight days apart. This drug is typically used when other treatments have not been effective or when there is a widespread infestation.
Manual removal of lice and nits. This involves using a fine-tooth comb or a special device to comb through the hair and remove the lice and their eggs. This method can be time-consuming and tedious, but it can be done at home or with the help of a professional. Manual removal may be necessary in addition to other treatments, especially for pubic lice or eyelash lice.

FAQ About Lice Infestation

How is lice infestation diagnosed?

Lice infestation is diagnosed by examining the hair and scalp for nits, nymphs (immature lice), or adult lice. A fine-toothed comb or a special device may be used to comb through the hair and remove the lice and nits. A magnifying glass or a microscope may be needed to see the lice or nits clearly. Sometimes, a skin scraping or a hair sample may be taken and sent to a laboratory for confirmation.

Is lice infestation a sign of poor hygiene or an unclean environment?

No. Lice infestation is not a sign of poor hygiene or an unclean environment. Anyone can get lice regardless of their personal cleanliness or living conditions. Lice are not attracted to dirt or grease, but to human blood. Lice can infest people of any age, gender, race, or socioeconomic status.

Can lice infestation affect other animals or pets?

No. Lice are species-specific, meaning they only infest humans and do not affect other animals or pets. Lice cannot be transmitted from animals to humans or vice versa.

Can lice infestation be cured?

Yes. Lice infestation can be cured with proper treatment and prevention measures. However, it may take some time and effort to get rid of all the lice and nits from the hair and the environment. It is important to follow the instructions for the treatment carefully and to repeat the treatment after 7 to 10 days to kill any newly hatched lice. It is also important to check the hair and scalp regularly for signs of reinfestation and to treat it promptly if needed.

Is there a dermatologist near me in Denver that offers treatment for Lice Infestation?

Yes. At our Denver dermatology office we offer treatment for Lice Infestation to patients from Denver and the surrounding area. Contact our office today to schedule an appointment.

Rubella (German Measles)

What is Rubella?

Rubella is a contagious disease caused by a virus that can cause a red rash on the skin, fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes. It is also known as German measles or three-day measles. Rubella is usually mild, but it can cause serious problems for unborn babies if their mothers get infected during pregnancy.

What are the signs and symptoms of Rubella?

The signs and symptoms of rubella are usually mild and may include a red rash, fever, headache, runny nose, red eyes, swollen lymph nodes, joint pain, and general discomfort. Some people may not have any symptoms at all. The rash typically starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body, and lasts for about three days. The symptoms usually appear two to three weeks after exposure to the virus.

What are the causes of Rubella?

Rubella is caused by a virus that can be spread through direct contact with the saliva or mucus of an infected person, or through the air by respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing.
Humans are the only known host of the rubella virus.
Rubella can also be transmitted from a pregnant woman to her unborn baby, which can result in serious birth defects or fetal death.

FAQ About Rubella

How is rubella transmitted?

The rubella virus is transmitted by airborne droplets when infected people sneeze or cough. Humans are the only known host. Rubella can also be transmitted from a pregnant woman to her unborn baby, which can result in serious birth defects or fetal death.

How is rubella diagnosed?

Rubella can be diagnosed by a blood test that detects antibodies to the virus. A positive test indicates either a current or past infection. A negative test indicates that the person is susceptible to rubella and should be vaccinated. Rubella can also be confirmed by isolating the virus from a throat swab or urine sample.

Is there a dermatologist near me in Denver that offers treatment for Rubella?

Yes. At our Denver dermatology office we offer treatment for Rubella to patients from Denver and the surrounding area. Contact our office today to schedule an appointment.

Scarlet Fever

What is Scarlet Fever

Scarlet fever is an infection that stems from the Group A Streptococcus (“strep”) bacteria. One of its hallmark signs is a rash with a texture resembling sandpaper, accompanied by other related symptoms. This condition typically follows a strep infection in the throat, commonly known as strep pharyngitis or strep throat, although it can also occur after a strep skin infection. The rash observed in scarlet fever is a result of a toxin produced by the strep bacteria.

In the past, scarlet fever used to be prevalent among children aged 2 to 10; however, it has become relatively uncommon nowadays. The reasons for this shift remain unknown, particularly considering that there hasn’t been a decrease in the incidence of strep throat or strep skin infections.

What are the signs and symptoms of Scarlet Fever

Scarlet fever is typically set off by an infection in the throat caused by strep bacteria. This leads to the emergence of the following symptoms:

Fever and shivering
Headache
Throat that is red and painful
Enlarged tonsils
Lymph nodes in the neck that are swollen (often called “swollen glands”)

Around 12 to 48 hours after these symptoms manifest, the characteristic rash of scarlet fever begins. This rash is vividly red, akin to sunburn, and it frequently possesses a delicate texture resembling sandpaper or goosebumps. Initially, it tends to appear in areas like the underarms, groin, and neck, subsequently spreading to the torso, back, arms, and legs. Additional symptoms of scarlet fever encompass:

A lightened area encircling the mouth
A white-coated tongue with red dots (referred to as white strawberry tongue)
A red strawberry tongue or raspberry tongue, which arises when the white coating on the tongue sheds and reveals a red surface with red dots
Darkened or reddened skin creases, particularly noticeable in the elbow’s bend, referred to as Pastia’s lines

Occasionally, scarlet fever follows a skin infection caused by streptococcus bacteria, such as infections in burns, wounds, or impetigo. In these instances, the rash and associated skin symptoms materialize, but there are no concurrent symptoms linked to strep throat.

What are the causes of Scarlet Fever

Scarlet fever is caused by a type of bacteria called Group A streptococcus (Group A strep), which can also cause strep throat. Sometimes, the bacteria produce a toxin that makes the skin turn red and bumpy. This is what causes the rash of scarlet fever. Scarlet fever is contagious and can spread through contact with an infected person or their respiratory droplets.

FAQ About Scarlet Fever

How is scarlet fever transmitted?

Scarlet fever is highly contagious and can spread through respiratory droplets from coughs and sneezes of an infected person. It can also be contracted by touching surfaces or objects contaminated with the bacteria.

How is scarlet fever spread?

Scarlet fever is spread by contact with an infected person or their respiratory droplets.

Is scarlet fever contagious?

Yes, scarlet fever is contagious. It can spread from person to person until 24 hours after starting antibiotics.

Is there a dermatologist near me in Denver that offers treatment for Scarlet Fever?

Yes. At our Denver dermatology office we offer treatment for Scarlet Fever to patients from Denver and the surrounding area. Contact our office today to schedule an appointment.

Necrotizing Fasciitis

What is Necrotizing Fasciitis (Flesh-eating Bacteria)

Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare but serious bacterial infection that causes the death of the skin and underlying tissues. It can affect any part of the body, but it is more common in the limbs, genitals, and abdomen. It can spread quickly and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. The symptoms include severe pain, fever, redness, swelling, blisters, and black spots on the skin. The bacteria that cause necrotizing fasciitis usually enter the body through a wound or injury. People with weak immune systems, diabetes, obesity, alcoholism, or drug abuse are more at risk of getting this infection. The diagnosis is based on the symptoms, medical imaging, and tissue biopsy. The treatment involves surgery to remove the infected tissue, antibiotics to kill the bacteria, and supportive care to prevent complications.

What are the signs and symptoms of Necrotizing Fasciitis

The signs and symptoms of necrotizing fasciitis can vary depending on the stage and severity of the infection. According to the sources I found, some of the common signs and symptoms are:

A red, warm, or swollen area of skin that spreads quickly
Severe pain, including pain beyond the area of the skin that is red, warm, or swollen
Fever
Ulcers, blisters, or black spots on the skin
Changes in the color of the skin
Flulike symptoms, such as body aches, sore throat, nausea, diarrhea, and chills

What are the causes of Necrotizing Fasciitis

Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare but serious bacterial infection that causes the death of the skin and underlying tissues. It can be caused by different types of bacteria, but the most common cause is group A Streptococcus (GAS), also known as “flesh-eating bacteria”. GAS bacteria usually enter the body through a break in the skin, such as a cut, scrape, burn, insect bite, puncture wound, or surgical wound. Other types of bacteria that can cause necrotizing fasciitis include Vibrio vulnificus, which live in water, and Staphylococcus aureus, which can cause staph infections. These bacteria can also enter the body through wounds or injuries. People with weak immune systems, diabetes, obesity, alcoholism, or drug abuse are more at risk of getting this infection. Necrotizing fasciitis can spread quickly and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. The symptoms include severe pain, fever, redness, swelling, blisters, and black spots on the skin. The diagnosis is based on the symptoms, medical imaging, and tissue biopsy. The treatment involves surgery to remove the infected tissue, antibiotics to kill the bacteria, and supportive care to prevent complications.

FAQ About Necrotizing Fasciitis

How is necrotizing fasciitis diagnosed?

The diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis is based on the symptoms, medical imaging, and tissue biopsy. However, diagnosis can be difficult and acting fast is key. Delayed diagnosis and treatment can increase the risk of death and amputation.

Who is at risk of getting necrotizing fasciitis?

People with weak immune systems, diabetes, obesity, alcoholism, or drug abuse are more at risk of getting this infection. Other risk factors include cancer, pregnancy, chronic kidney disease, peripheral vascular disease, and malnutrition.

What are the complications of necrotizing fasciitis?

Necrotizing fasciitis can cause serious complications such as sepsis (a life-threatening response to infection), shock (a sudden drop in blood pressure), organ failure (when one or more organs stop working properly), gangrene (when tissue dies due to lack of blood flow), scarring (permanent marks on the skin), disfigurement (changes in appearance), and disability (loss of function or ability).

Is there a dermatologist near me in Denver that offers treatment for Necrotizing Fasciitis?

Yes. At our Denver dermatology office we offer treatment for Necrotizing Fasciitis to patients from Denver and the surrounding area. Contact our office today to schedule an appointment.

Measles

What is Measles

Measles is a viral infection that affects the respiratory system and causes a red, itchy rash on the skin. It is very contagious and can spread through the air or by direct contact with an infected person. Measles can be prevented by getting vaccinated and can be treated with supportive care and medication to ease the symptoms.

What are the signs and symptoms of Measles

The signs and symptoms of measles are:

High fever, usually above 104°F (40°C), that lasts for four to seven days.
Cough, runny nose, sore throat, and inflamed eyes (conjunctivitis).
Tiny white spots with bluish-white centers on a red background inside the mouth, also called Koplik’s spots.
A red, blotchy rash that starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body over several days

Measles Complications and Risk Factors for Severe Illness

Measles is a viral infection that can cause serious and sometimes fatal complications, especially in children and people with weak immune systems.

Some of the common complications of measles are:

Otitis media: An ear infection that can cause pain, fever, and hearing loss.
Bronchopneumonia: A lung infection that can cause cough, difficulty breathing, and chest pain.
Laryngotracheobronchitis: An inflammation of the voice box, windpipe, and airways that can cause hoarseness, wheezing, and breathing problems.
Diarrhea: A condition that can cause dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and weight loss.
Encephalitis: A brain inflammation that can cause seizures, coma, and permanent brain damage.
Blindness: A result of eye damage from measles virus or secondary infections.
Death: A result of severe complications or organ failure.

Some of the risk factors for developing severe illness from measles are:

Age: Children under 5 years and adults over 20 years are more likely to have complications from measles.
Malnutrition: People who are undernourished or lack vitamin A are more prone to measles infections and complications.
Immune status: People who have weakened immune systems due to HIV/AIDS, cancer, organ transplant, or other conditions are more susceptible to measles and its complications.
Vaccination status: People who are unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated against measles are at higher risk of getting infected and having complications.

FAQ About Measles

How do you get measles?

You can get measles if you are exposed to the measles virus, which is normally passed through respiratory droplets when an infected person sneezes, coughs, or talks.

How is measles diagnosed?

Measles can be diagnosed by a blood test or by examining the rash and other signs.

Is there a dermatologist near me in Denver that offers treatment for Measles?

Yes. At our Denver dermatology office we offer treatment for Measles to patients from Denver and the surrounding area. Contact our office today to schedule an appointment.

Cutaneous Anthrax

What is Cutaneous Anthrax?

Cutaneous anthrax is a type of anthrax infection that affects the skin and tissue around the site of infection. It is caused by a spore-forming bacterium called Bacillus anthracis. It usually enters the body through a cut or scrape on the skin when a person handles infected animals or contaminated animal products. Cutaneous anthrax is the most common and least dangerous form of anthrax, and it can be treated with antibiotics.

What are the signs and symptoms of Cutaneous Anthrax?

The signs and symptoms of cutaneous anthrax are:

A group of small blisters or bumps that may itch
Swelling around the sore
A painless skin sore (ulcer) with a black center that appears after the small blisters or bumps

What are some of the causes of Cutaneous Anthrax?

Some of the causes of cutaneous anthrax are:

Exposure to infected domestic or wild grazing animals or their products, such as wool, hides, or hair.
Contact with anthrax spores that enter the body through a cut or scrape on the skin.
Biological weapons that release anthrax spores in powder or spray form. However, this is very rare and there has not been an anthrax attack in the United States since 2001.

What treatments are available at the dermatologist for Cutaneous Anthrax?

The treatments available at the dermatologist for cutaneous anthrax are mainly antibiotics and antitoxins. Antibiotics are used to kill the anthrax bacteria and prevent them from multiplying and spreading in the body. Antitoxins are used to neutralize the toxins produced by the anthrax bacteria that cause severe illness. Some of the antibiotics that can be used for cutaneous anthrax are ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and amoxicillin. Some of the antitoxins that can be used for inhalation anthrax are raxibacumab and obiltoxaximab. These medications are given in addition to antibiotics and are available to doctors through the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

FAQ About Cutaneous Anthrax

How is cutaneous anthrax diagnosed?

The preferred diagnostic procedure for cutaneous anthrax is staining the ulcer exudate with methylene blue or Giemsa stain, which can differentiate Bacillus anthracis from other bacteria.

How common is cutaneous anthrax?

Cutaneous anthrax is the most common form of anthrax infection, accounting for more than 95% of cases worldwide.

Is cutaneous anthrax contagious?

There is no evidence that cutaneous anthrax is transmitted from person to person, but it is possible that anthrax skin lesions may be contagious through direct contact or through contact with a contaminated object (fomite). Therefore, it is advisable to avoid touching or sharing personal items with someone who has cutaneous anthrax.

What are the risk factors for cutaneous anthrax?

The risk factors for cutaneous anthrax include exposure to infected domestic or wild grazing animals or their products, such as wool, hides, or hair; contact with anthrax spores that enter the body through a cut or scrape on the skin; and biological weapons that release anthrax spores in powder or spray form.

Is there a dermatologist near me in Denver that offers treatment for Cutaneous Anthrax?

Yes. At our Denver dermatology office we offer treatment for Cutaneous Anthrax to patients from Denver and the surrounding area. Contact our office today to schedule an appointment.

Athlete’s Foot

What is Athlete’s Foot?

Athlete’s foot is a fungal skin infection that usually affects the area between the toes. It can cause itching, burning, scaling, peeling, and sometimes blisters on the feet. It is contagious and can spread through contact with infected skin or surfaces. Athlete’s foot can be treated with antifungal medications, but it may recur if not prevented.

What are the signs and symptoms of Athlete’s Foot?

Some of the signs and symptoms of athlete’s foot are:

Itching, stinging, and burning between your toes or on the soles of your feet.
Scaly, peeling, or cracked skin between the toes, on the bottom of the foot, or on the heel.
Blisters on your feet that itch or ooze fluid.
Thickened, crumbly, or discolored toenails (in rare cases).

What are the causes of Athlete’s Foot?

The causes of athlete’s foot are fungal infections that grow on the skin of the feet. The fungi that cause athlete’s foot are called dermatophytes. They can be spread through direct contact with someone who has the infection, or by touching surfaces that are contaminated with the fungi, such as towels, floors, and shoes. The fungi thrive in warm, moist environments, such as locker rooms, showers, and swimming pools. People who sweat a lot, wear tight shoes, or have minor skin injuries on their feet are more likely to get athlete’s foot.

What treatments are available at the dermatologist for Athlete’s Foot?

Some of the treatments that are available at the dermatologist for athlete’s foot are:

Prescription-strength cream or ointment, such as clotrimazole (Lotrisone), econazole (Ecoza, Spectazole) or ciclopirox (Loprox, Penlac).
Prescription antifungal pills, such as terbinafine (Lamisil) or itraconazole (Sporanox, Tolsura).
Prescription antifungal cleanser, powder or lotion.
Prescription antifungal drugs to prevent recurrence of severe cases.

These treatments are usually more effective than over-the-counter products and can clear up the infection faster. However, they may also have more side effects and interactions with other medications. You should consult your dermatologist before starting any treatment for athlete’s foot.

Athlete’s Foot: Myths and Facts

Myth: Only athletes can get athlete’s foot.
Fact: Anyone who is exposed to the fungus that causes athlete’s foot can get infected. The fungus likes to grow in warm, moist environments, such as locker rooms, showers, and swimming pools.
Myth: Athlete’s foot is the same as jock itch.
Fact: Athlete’s foot and jock itch are caused by the same type of fungus (dermatophytes), but they affect different parts of the body. Athlete’s foot affects the feet, while jock itch affects the groin area.
Myth: Showering regularly can prevent athlete’s foot.
Fact: Showering alone won’t prevent athlete’s foot. You need to dry your feet completely after each shower and avoid sharing towels, socks, or shoes with someone who has athlete’s foot. You should also wear shoes that allow your feet to breathe and change your socks often if you sweat a lot .

FAQ About Athlete’s Foot

Who is at risk of getting athlete’s foot?

Anyone who is exposed to the fungus that causes athlete’s foot can get infected. However, it most commonly affects men and people over the age of 60. You may be more likely to develop athlete’s foot if you have diabetes, obesity, a weakened immune system, tissue damage or wounds on your feet.

Is athlete’s foot contagious?

Yes, athlete’s foot is contagious and can spread through direct contact with an infected person or indirect contact with contaminated surfaces or objects. You can also spread it from your feet to other parts of your body, especially if you scratch or pick the infected area.

Can I get athlete’s foot from my pet?

Yes, you can get athlete’s foot from your pet if they have a fungal infection on their skin or nails. The same fungus that causes ringworm in animals can also cause athlete’s foot in humans. You should avoid touching your pet’s infected area and wash your hands after handling them. You should also take your pet to the vet for treatment.

Can I wear nail polish if I have athlete’s foot?

It is not advisable to wear nail polish if you have athlete’s foot because it can trap moisture and create a favorable environment for the fungus to grow. Nail polish can also prevent the medication from reaching the infected area and interfere with the healing process. You should remove any nail polish from your toenails before starting treatment for athlete’s foot.

Is there a dermatologist near me in Denver that offers treatment for athlete’s foot?

Yes. At our Denver dermatology office we offer treatment for Athlete’s Foot to patients from Denver and the surrounding area. Contact our office today to schedule an appointment.

Psoriasis

What is Psoriasis?

An estimated 7.5 million Americans suffer with psoriasis, a non-contagious, chronic skin condition. Often identified by patches of red, scaly skin, psoriasis occurs when the immune system sends out incorrect signals that cause skin cells to grow too quickly. With psoriasis, cells build up on the top layer of skin, creating patches of itchy, dry skin. The most common locations for psoriasis are on the elbows, knees, or trunk, but it can develop anywhere on the body.

Psoriasis is thought to be an autoimmune disease, which arises from an overactive response by the body towards substances and tissues normally present in the body. In the case of psoriasis, white blood cells, called T cells, attack healthy skin as if to fight off infection or heal a wound. Instead of new cells moving to the outermost layer of skin in a normal manner, they develop more rapidly. The dead skin can’t slough off fast enough to keep up, so thick, scaly areas form on the skin’s surface.

Usually, the first occurrence of psoriasis happens sometime between ages 15 to 35. However, approximately 20,000 children under age 10 also live with psoriasis. Although psoriasis seems to have a genetic component, not everyone with that gene develops the disease.

What are the signs and symptoms of Psoriasis?

Each case differs based on the individual, but people with psoriasis often experience at least one of the following symptoms:

Burning, itching, or soreness
Cracked, dry skin that can bleed
Patches of red skin with silvery scales
Pitted, ridged, or thickened nails
Stiff, swollen joints

If you think that you could have psoriasis, contact your doctor and schedule a complete exam.

Triggers
Because psoriasis is chronic, anyone with the condition will live with a cycle of flare-ups and remissions over a lifetime. Typically, patients with psoriasis may develop initial symptoms or experience flare ups because of various triggers, including

Certain medications
Cuts, scrapes, burns, or other damage to the skin
Diet
Excessive alcohol use
Other infections such as strep throat
Smoking
Stress
Weather

What are the different types of Psoriasis?

There are six main types of psoriasis:

1) Plaque Psoriasis (Psoriasis Vulgaris)
About 80 percent of people diagnosed with the disease have plaque psoriasis, or psoriasis vulgaris. Plaque psoriasis often appears as on the elbows, knees, and lower trunk in the form of raised, red lesions topped with silvery scales.

2) Guttate Psoriasis
Usually found on the limbs or trunk, guttate psoriasis primarily appears in patients younger than age 30. Guttate psoriasis presents as small, water-drop-shaped sores and can occur because of an illness or injury to the skin.

3) Inverse Psoriasis
With inverse psoriasis, patients develop smooth, shiny lesions that are bright red in color. Most often seen in people who are overweight, inverse psoriasis strikes the armpits, around the genitals, near the groin, and under the breasts.

4) Pustular Psoriasis
When you have pustular psoriasis, white blisters filled with pus and surrounded by red skin will appear either in localized areas or all over your body. Because the pus is made of white blood cells, it is not contagious. Certain things can trigger pustular psoriasis, such as irritating topical treatments, infections, overexposure to ultraviolet radiation, and stress.

5) Erythrodermic Psoriasis
Characterized by a fiery red rash coupled with extreme burning or itching, erythrodermic psoriasis is the least common kind of psoriasis. Triggers for erythrodermic psoriasis include severe sunburn, corticosteroids, other medications, or another type of psoriasis that has flared up.

6) Psoriatic Arthritis
In addition to causing pitted, discolored nails, psoriatic arthritis also presents with the swollen, painful joints that often accompany arthritis. Usually psoriatic arthritis isn’t as crippling as other forms of arthritis, but it can cause stiffness and progressive joint damage.

What treatments are available at the dermatologist for Psoriasis?

Currently, no cure exists for psoriasis. Treatments are designed to minimize discomfort and encourage healing. When determining the best treatment, your doctor will take into account the severity of the psoriasis. Mild to moderate psoriasis covers 3 to 10 percent of your body, while psoriasis is considered moderate to severe when it covers more than 10 percent.

Treating Mild to Moderate Psoriasis
If you have mild to moderate psoriasis, your doctor will likely recommend a combination of over-the-counter medications, prescription topical treatments, and light therapy/phototherapy.

Over-the-Counter (OTC) Medications
The two active ingredients in over-the-counter medications approved by the FDA for psoriasis are coal tar, which inhibits the quick overgrowth of cells, and salicylic acid, which makes the outer layer of skin shed. Other OTC treatments may help, like:

Scale lifters to loosen and eliminate scales so that medicine can penetrate the sores
Bath solutions, such as Epsom salts, Dead Sea salts, or oilated oatmeal, that reduce itching and remove scaling
Occlusion, which covers the areas treated with topical treatments applications, to improve absorption and effectiveness
Anti-itch products like calamine lotion or hydrocortisone creams
Moisturizers to keep skin hydrated, reduce symptoms, and encourage healing

Prescription Topicals
Designed to inhibit the overgrowth of cells and lessen inflammation, prescription topicals include:

Anthralin, which reduces the skin cell growth related to plaque
Calcipotriene will flattens lesions, removes scales, and slow cell growth. Often used in treatment of psoriasis on the scalp and nails.
Calcipotriene and Betamethasone Dipropionate. By combining Calcipotriene with betamethasone dipropionate, this treatment addresses the itch and inflammation common to psoriasis as well as flattening lesions, removing scales, and minimizing cell growth.
Calcitriol, an active form of vitamin D3, helps limit extraneous skin cell production
Tazarotene, a topical retinoid that slows down cell growth
Topical steroids are the most commonly used medications for psoriasis, and they work by reducing inflammation, swelling, and redness

Phototherapy (light therapy)
Exposure to ultraviolet light can provide relief from psoriasis. With careful monitoring, the UVA and UVB rays from the sun can reduce symptoms. Excimer lasers treat specific areas affected by psoriasis, while pulse dye lasers provide not only targeted treatment, but also destroy the blood vessels that promote the development of psoriasis.

Treating Moderate to Severe Psoriasis
For patients with moderate to severe psoriasis, treatment involves prescription medications, biologics and phototherapy (light therapy).

Prescription Medications
Based on the location, severity, and type of psoriasis, your doctor will prescribe an oral medication, such as acitretin, cyclosporine and methotrexate.

How does psoriasis affect your nails, eyes, and joints?

Nails: Psoriasis can cause changes in the appearance and structure of the nails, such as pitting, discoloration, thickening, loosening, or crumbling. These changes can affect the function and comfort of the nails, as well as the self-esteem of the person with psoriasis.
Eyes: Psoriasis can cause inflammation in the eyes, leading to a condition called uveitis. Uveitis can cause symptoms such as eye pain, redness, blurred vision, sensitivity to light, or floaters. If left untreated, uveitis can damage the eye and impair vision.
Joints: Psoriasis can cause inflammation in the joints, resulting in a type of arthritis called psoriatic arthritis. Psoriatic arthritis can cause symptoms such as joint pain, stiffness, swelling, reduced range of motion, or deformity. Psoriatic arthritis can affect any joint in the body, but it is more common in the fingers, toes, spine, and pelvis. Psoriatic arthritis can also affect the tendons and ligaments that attach to the bones.

FAQ About Psoriasis

Can psoriasis affect other parts of the body besides the skin?

Psoriasis can affect other parts of the body besides the skin, such as the nails, scalp and joints. In some cases, it may also be associated with other conditions such as psoriatic arthritis.

Can certain foods trigger psoriasis?

Certain foods, such as processed foods, alcohol, and gluten-containing foods, may trigger psoriasis in some individuals. It’s important for people with psoriasis to work with a dermatologist or a dietitian to identify any specific food triggers and to develop a diet plan that works best for them.

When should I see a dermatologist for psoriasis?

If you have symptoms of psoriasis, such as red, scaly patches on the skin, it’s important to see a dermatologist for proper diagnosis and treatment. A dermatologist can also help to develop an individualized treatment plan and provide guidance on how to manage the condition. If your symptoms persist or worsen, you should also consult with a dermatologist.

Is there a dermatologist near me in Denver that offers treatment for psoriasis?

Yes. At our Denver dermatology office we offer treatment for psoriasis to patients from Denver and the surrounding area. Contact our office today to schedule an appointment.

Molluscum Contagiosum

What is Molluscum Contagiosum?

Most often seen in children, molluscum contagiosum is a common viral infection. This virus affects the outer layer of skin and does not usually move through the body. The firm, skin-colored bumps that develop from molluscum contagiosum usually disappear within a year on their own but doctors often recommend treatment to keep the virus from spreading. Molluscum contagiosum can appear in adults and, if it involves the genitals in the adult cases, it is considered a sexually transmitted disease. People with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to the virus as well.

What are the signs and symptoms of Molluscum Contagiosum?

Generally, molluscum contagiosum produces little white, pink or flesh-colored bumps that have a dimple or pit in the center. In most people, the growths range in size from about two to five millimeters in diameter. Molluscum contagiosum often appears on the face, neck, abdomen, arms, legs, or genitalia.

What are the causes of Molluscum Contagiosum?

The molluscum contagiosum virus, a member of the poxvirus family, enters your skin through hair follicles, pores, or abrasions on the skin’s surface. Highly contagious, the virus spreads by person-to-person contact, sexual contact with an infected partner, or through contact with contaminated objects like toys, door knobs, or faucets. Scratching, rubbing and shaving the papules can spread the virus to other areas of skin.

What treatments are available at the dermatologist for Molluscum Contagiosum?

Your doctor will need to destroy the infection-causing cores inside the papules. Once this core is destroyed, the infection will heal. Several methods can be utilized to eliminate these cores:

Chemical agents to remove the infected skin
Cryotherapy to freeze the areas and kill the infection
Curette, scalpel, or other cutting device to surgically remove them
Lasers to destroy the infected cells

FAQ About Molluscum Contagiosum

Is molluscum contagiosum contagious?

Yes, molluscum contagiosum is contagious until all the bumps have gone away. The virus can be spread from one part of the body to another or from one person to another through direct contact with the bumps or objects that have touched them.

Is molluscum contagiosum dangerous?

No, molluscum contagiosum is not dangerous in most cases. It is a mild and harmless infection that does not cause serious complications. However, it can cause discomfort, embarrassment, or anxiety for some people. It can also interfere with sexual pleasure or intimacy. In rare cases, it can cause secondary infections, eye problems, or widespread lesions in people with weakened immune systems.

Can molluscum contagiosum recur?

Yes, molluscum contagiosum can recur if a person is exposed to the virus again. The infection does not provide immunity against future infections. Therefore, it is possible to get molluscum contagiosum more than once in a lifetime.

Is there a dermatologist near me in Denver that offers treatment for molluscum contagiosum?

Yes. At our Denver dermatology office we offer treatment for molluscum contagiosum to patients from Denver and the surrounding area. Contact our office today to schedule an appointment.

Eczema (Dermatitis)

What is Eczema?

Affecting between nine and thirty percent of the U.S. population, eczema refers to inflammation of the skin. The term eczema actually covers many various skin conditions that produce itchy, dry skin patches. Although it can appear anywhere on the body, eczema usually appears on the creases on the face, arms and legs. Because of the intense itching that accompanies eczema, people often scratch the skin which leads to crusting and oozing.

A non-contagious skin condition, eczema has no known cause. It does appear to have a hereditary component. Certain things, such as stress, weather and environmental factors can trigger a flare-up of eczema. People with eczema often live with cycles of flare-ups and remissions.

In mild cases of eczema, over-the-counter topical creams and antihistamines can relieve the symptoms. More severe eczema may require stronger medications, such as steroid creams, oral steroids (corticosteroids), and antibiotic pills or antifungal creams to treat any potential infection. Using mild cleansers and keeping skin moist can help control your eczema.

What are the signs and symptoms of Eczema?

Eczema is a condition that causes your skin to become dry, itchy and inflamed. The signs and symptoms of eczema can vary depending on the type, severity and stage of the condition. Some common signs and symptoms of eczema are:

Dry, cracked, scaly or flaky skin
Red, pink, purple, brown or gray patches of skin
Itching, which may be worse at night or during flare-ups
Small, raised bumps that may ooze or crust over
Thickened, leathery or discolored skin from scratching
Swelling or inflammation of the skin
Rash on the face, neck, hands, elbows, knees, ankles, feet or other areas of the body

What are the causes of Eczema?

Eczema is a condition that causes your skin to become dry, itchy and inflamed. The causes of eczema are not fully understood, but they may include:

A genetic variation that affects the skin’s ability to provide protection from bacteria, irritants, allergens and environmental factors.
An imbalance of the bacteria on the skin, which disrupts the skin’s barrier function and triggers an immune system response.
A contact with a trigger in your environment, such as dry weather, fabrics, makeup, smoke, soaps or detergents.
A history or diagnosis of dermatitis, allergies, hay fever or asthma.
A physical or emotional stress, which can cause inflammation in the body.

What treatments are available at the dermatologist for Eczema?

There are different treatments available at the dermatologist for eczema, depending on the type, severity and cause of the condition.

Some of the possible treatments are:

Medicated creams or ointments that control itching, inflammation and infection. These may include corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, antibiotics or antifungals.
Oral medications that suppress the immune system or reduce inflammation. These may include cyclosporine, methotrexate, prednisone, azathioprine or biologics.
Phototherapy or light therapy, which uses ultraviolet (UV) rays to improve the skin’s condition and reduce symptoms.
Patch testing or allergy testing, which helps identify specific substances that trigger or worsen eczema.
Wet wraps or paste bandages, which cover the skin with moist dressings to soothe and protect it.
Lifestyle changes, such as avoiding triggers, moisturizing regularly, using gentle skin care products and managing stress.

The best treatment for eczema depends on your individual situation and preferences. Your dermatologist can help you find the most suitable and effective treatment for your eczema.

How to Avoid Common Eczema Triggers and Irritants

Use a thick moisturizer (emollient) as a soap substitute when washing your body or hands. Avoid soap, bubble bath and shower gel completely, as they can remove the natural oils from your skin and make it dry and itchy.
Wear cotton clothes next to your skin rather than potentially irritating fabrics such as wool. Wash your clothes with non-biological detergents and rinse them well. Avoid fabric conditioners, as they can also cause eczema to flare up.
Keep your skin moisturized regularly, especially after bathing or showering. Apply a non-fragranced, dye-free cream or ointment to lock in the moisture and protect your skin barrier.
Avoid contact with irritating chemicals and substances, such as fragrances, dyes, perfumes, alcohols, soaps and detergents. Wear rubber gloves with a cotton lining when using these products or working with similar chemicals.

The Benefits of Phototherapy for Eczema

Phototherapy is a treatment option that uses ultraviolet (UV) light to improve the symptoms of eczema, such as redness, itching, inflammation and infection. Some of the benefits of phototherapy for eczema are:

It may help clear your skin by reducing the inflammation and destroying the bacteria that cause eczema.
You may experience fewer eczema rashes in the future by strengthening your skin barrier and preventing the entry of external triggers.
It may decrease the need for using topical medications, which can have side effects or lose effectiveness over time.
It may also improve your mood and quality of life by relieving the discomfort and stress caused by eczema.

FAQ About Eczema

Are there different types of eczema?

There are different types of eczema, based on the age of onset and severity of symptoms. The most common type is known as “atopic dermatitis” and it usually begins in infancy and improves or resolves by the age of 6. Another type is “contact dermatitis” which is caused by an allergic reaction to a specific substance.

What are the symptoms of eczema?

Symptoms of eczema can vary from person to person and can range from mild to severe. Common symptoms include: dry, itchy skin, redness and swelling, scaling, cracking, and even bleeding.

How is eczema diagnosed?

Eczema is typically diagnosed by a dermatologist, who will examine the skin and ask about the patient’s symptoms and medical history. A skin biopsy may be done in some cases to rule out other skin conditions.

Can eczema affect other parts of the body besides the skin?

Eczema can affect the eyes, ears, and scalp. In some cases, eczema can also lead to complications such as asthma, allergies, and sleep disturbances.

Can certain foods trigger eczema?

Certain foods, such as dairy, eggs, nuts, soy, and wheat, can trigger eczema in some people. It’s important for individuals with eczema to work with a dermatologist or a dietitian to identify any specific food triggers and to develop a diet plan that works best for them.

Is there a dermatologist near me in Denver that offers treatment for exzema?

Yes. At our Denver dermatology office we offer treatment for eczema to patients from Denver and the surrounding area. Contact our office today to schedule an appointment.

Acne

What is Acne?

Acne is a common skin condition that happens when the hair follicles under the skin become clogged with oil and dead skin cells. This causes different types of bumps on the skin, such as whiteheads, blackheads, pimples, or cysts. Acne can affect people of all ages, but it is more common in teenagers and young adults.

What are the signs and symptoms of Acne?

Some of the signs and symptoms of acne are:

Whiteheads: These are closed plugged pores that appear as raised and white or flesh-colored bumps on the skin.
Blackheads: These are open plugged pores that look black due to a chemical reaction with oxygen in the air.
Pimples: These are inflamed pores that contain pus at their tips. They can be red, tender, or painful.
Nodules: These are large, solid, and painful lumps under the skin that result from deep inflammation of the pores.
Cysts: These are similar to nodules, but they contain pus and can cause scarring.
Acne scars: These are permanent marks on the skin that can result from severe or untreated acne.

Acne can affect different areas of the body, such as the face, chest, back, and shoulders. Acne can also cause emotional distress and affect one’s self-esteem and quality of life.

What are the causes of Acne?

The causes of acne are complex and not fully understood. However, some of the main factors that contribute to acne are:

Excess oil (sebum) production: Sebum is a natural oil that lubricates and protects the skin. However, when too much sebum is produced, it can mix with dead skin cells and bacteria and clog the pores, leading to acne.
Hair follicles clogged by oil and dead skin cells: Hair follicles are tiny sacs that contain a hair and an oil gland. When the oil gland produces too much sebum, it can build up in the follicle and trap dead skin cells and bacteria, forming a plug that blocks the pore opening.
Bacteria: The bacteria Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) normally live on the skin and help break down excess sebum. However, when the pores are clogged, P. acnes can multiply and cause inflammation and infection in the follicle, resulting in pus-filled pimples.
Inflammation: Inflammation is the body’s natural response to injury or infection. However, when inflammation is excessive or chronic, it can damage the skin and cause scarring. Inflammation can also trigger more sebum production and worsen acne.

Other factors that may influence acne development include hormones, genetics, diet, stress, medications, cosmetics, and environmental factors.

What Are the Different Types of Acne?

The different types of acne are classified based on the appearance and severity of the skin lesions. some of the common types of acne are:

Whiteheads: These are closed comedones, which are pores that are clogged by oil and dead skin cells. They have a white or flesh-colored surface and are usually small and not inflamed.
Blackheads: These are open comedones, which are pores that are clogged by oil and dead skin cells. They have a black or dark surface due to oxidation of the oil and are usually larger and more visible than whiteheads.
Papules: These are inflamed bumps that are red, tender, and sometimes painful. They are caused by bacteria, excess oil, and dead skin cells that infect the pore and cause inflammation.
Pustules: These are inflamed bumps that are filled with pus. They are also known as pimples or zits. They have a white or yellow center and a red base. They may rupture and leak pus, which can spread the infection to other pores.
Nodules: These are large, hard, and painful lumps that form deep under the skin. They are caused by severe inflammation and infection of the pore that damages the surrounding tissue. They can last for weeks or months and may leave scars.
Cysts: These are large, soft, and painful lumps that contain pus and blood. They form deep under the skin as a result of severe inflammation and infection of the pore that ruptures the follicle wall. They can also last for weeks or months and may leave scars.

What treatments are available at the dermatologist for Acne?

Some of the treatments that are available at the dermatologist for acne are:

Topical medications: These are creams, gels, or lotions that you apply to your skin. They can contain different ingredients, such as retinoids, antibiotics, benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid, or salicylic acid. They work by reducing oil production, killing bacteria, preventing clogged pores, or reducing inflammation.
Oral medications: These are pills that you take by mouth. They can include antibiotics, oral contraceptives, anti-androgens, or isotretinoin. They work by killing bacteria, regulating hormones, blocking the effect of androgens on oil glands, or reducing oil production and inflammation.
Procedures: These are treatments that are performed by a dermatologist in a clinic or office. They can include extraction of pimples, phototherapy, chemical peels, microdermabrasion, laser therapy, or injections of corticosteroids or other substances. They work by removing clogged pores, reducing inflammation, improving skin texture, destroying bacteria, or shrinking large cysts.

Young woman with acne on face before and after

The Benefits of Using Retinoids for Acne

Retinoids are a group of medications derived from vitamin A that can help treat acne and other skin conditions. Some of the benefits of using retinoids for acne are:

They can reduce oil production and prevent clogged pores, which are common causes of acne breakouts.
They can kill bacteria and reduce inflammation, which can help clear up active acne lesions such as papules and pustules.
They can stimulate cell turnover and improve skin texture, which can help fade acne scars and reduce the appearance of wrinkles.

Retinoids come in different forms, such as creams, gels, or lotions, and different strengths, such as tretinoin, adapalene, or retinol. Depending on your skin type and acne severity, your dermatologist can help you choose the best retinoid product for your condition. However, retinoids can also cause some side effects, such as dryness, peeling, redness, itching, or sun sensitivity. Therefore, it is important to use them as directed and follow proper skin care routines when using retinoids for acne.

FAQ About Acne

What is acne and how is it treated by a dermatologist?

Acne is a common skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells. It is usually treated by a dermatologist with a combination of over-the-counter and prescription treatments, such as topical creams and gels containing benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid, oral medications, retinoids, and chemical peels.

What causes acne and can it be prevented by a dermatologist?

Acne is caused by a combination of factors, including genetics, hormonal changes, and a buildup of oil and bacteria on the skin. Certain medications, such as corticosteroids and lithium, can also cause acne. A dermatologist can recommend skincare routines and products to help prevent acne, such as cleansing the face twice daily with a gentle cleanser and using non-comedogenic makeup and skincare products.

Can diet affect acne and how can a dermatologist help?

There is some evidence to suggest that certain foods, such as dairy products and high-glycemic-index foods, may contribute to the development of acne. However, more research is needed to confirm this. A dermatologist can provide personalized dietary recommendations and may refer a patient to a nutritionist for further evaluation and guidance.

Is it true that chocolate and greasy foods cause acne and what can a dermatologist recommend?

There is no scientific evidence to support the claim that chocolate and greasy foods cause acne. However, if a patient notices that a particular food seems to trigger breakouts, a dermatologist may recommend avoiding that food to see if it makes a difference.

Can stress cause acne and how can a dermatologist help?

Stress can contribute to the development of acne by causing an increase in the hormone cortisol, which can lead to an increase in oil production. A dermatologist may recommend stress-reducing techniques, such as relaxation exercises or therapy, to help manage acne.

Can acne be cured with home remedies and what does a dermatologist recommend?

There are many home remedies that are claimed to help treat acne, such as using honey, tea tree oil, and apple cider vinegar. However, it is important to keep in mind that there is limited scientific evidence to support the effectiveness of these remedies. A dermatologist can recommend proven treatments and advise on the safety and effectiveness of any home remedies a patient may be considering.

Is it okay to pop pimples and what does a dermatologist advise?

It is generally not recommended to pop pimples, as this can cause the bacteria and oil inside the pimple to spread to other areas of the skin, leading to more breakouts and potentially causing scarring. A dermatologist may advise a patient to leave pimples alone and let them heal on their own, or may perform extractions as part of a treatment plan.

Can a dermatologist help with acne scarring?

A dermatologist in Denver can recommend a variety of treatments for acne scarring, including topical creams, chemical peels, microneedling, and laser therapy. The best treatment option will depend on the type and severity of the scarring.

Can a dermatologist help with hormonal acne?

Hormonal acne is caused by an imbalance of hormones, which can be triggered by factors such as puberty, pregnancy, and menopause. A dermatologist in Denver can recommend treatments, such as oral medications or topical creams, to help regulate hormones and manage hormonal acne.

Can a dermatologist help with adult acne?

Yes, a dermatologist can help with adult acne. Adult acne is often caused by a combination of factors, including hormonal changes, stress, and genetics. A dermatologist can evaluate the specific causes of a patient’s adult acne and recommend a treatment plan that may include topical or oral medications, chemical peels, or other treatments. It is important for adults with acne to seek treatment from a dermatologist, as untreated acne can lead to scarring and other long-term skin problems.

Is there a dermatologist near me in Denver that offers treatment for acne?

Yes. At our Denver dermatology office we offers treatment for acne to patients from Denver and the surrounding area. Contact our office today to schedule an appointment.

Granuloma

Granulomas are specialized responses that your skin can develop in reaction to various triggers, such as infections, foreign materials, or other underlying conditions. In this space, we’ll explore what granulomas are, why they occur, and how we can effectively manage them to keep your skin looking and feeling its best.

What is Granuloma?

Granuloma is a type of chronic inflammation that results in the formation of small, nodular masses of tissue. It is caused by an accumulation of immune cells in response to an ongoing irritation, infection or foreign body that the body is unable to eliminate. Granulomas can occur in various parts of the body, such as the skin, lungs, lymph nodes, and liver, and are seen in various medical conditions like tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Crohn’s disease, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s).

What are the causes of Granuloma?

Granulomas can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

Infections: Certain bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites can cause granulomas to form. For example, tuberculosis, leprosy, and histoplasmosis can all lead to granuloma formation.
Foreign materials: Granulomas may also form in response to foreign materials, such as silicone, suture material, or metal implants.
Inflammatory diseases: Certain autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as sarcoidosis, Crohn’s disease, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s), can cause granulomas to form.
Idiopathic: In some cases, the cause of granulomas is unknown.

In any case, granulomas form when the immune system is unable to effectively eliminate a stimulus, such as an infection, and instead produces an accumulation of immune cells in response to the ongoing irritation.

What treatments are available for Granuloma?

The treatment of granulomas depends on the underlying cause and may include:

Medications: Anti-inflammatory drugs, such as corticosteroids, may be used to reduce the size of granulomas and control symptoms. Antibiotics or antifungal medications may also be prescribed if an infection is the cause.
Surgery: In some cases, surgical removal of the granuloma may be necessary. This is often the case when the granuloma is causing pain or compressing surrounding structures.
Immunosuppressive therapy: For autoimmune and inflammatory diseases that are causing granulomas, immunosuppressive drugs may be prescribed to control the immune response.
Observation: In some cases, if the granulomas are not causing symptoms, no treatment may be necessary and observation may be recommended.

It is important to consult your dermatologist for proper diagnosis and treatment of granulomas.

FAQ About Granulomas

Where do granulomas occur?

How are granulomas diagnosed?Can granulomas resolve on their own?

How are granulomas diagnosed?

Granulomas are typically diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, imaging studies, and biopsy.

Can granulomas resolve on their own?

It depends on the underlying cause and other factors, but some granulomas may resolve on their own without treatment. However, it is important to seek medical attention to determine the best course of action.

When should I seek medical attention for granulomas?

You should seek medical attention if you experience symptoms that may be related to granulomas, such as persistent skin rashes, persistent cough, or pain or swelling in a specific area. Early diagnosis and treatment can help minimize the impact of granulomas on your health.

Is there a dermatologist near me in Denver that offers treatment for granulomas?

Yes. At our Denver dermatology office we offer treatment for granulomas to patients from Denver and the surrounding area. Contact our office today to schedule an appointment.